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Z-score

Explanations > Social Research > Statistical principles > Z-score

Description | Example | Discussion | See also

Description

Thus z is a measure of how far away a measurement is from the mean, measured in standard deviations.

Calculation:

z = (X - X-bar)/S

Where X is a measured value, X-bar is the mean of all measured values and S is the standard deviation of all measured values.

Example

John gets a mark of 64 in a physics
test, where the mean is 50 and the standard deviation is 8.

Jane gets a mark of 74 in a chemistry test, where the mean is 58 and the
standard deviation is 10.

John's z = (64 - 50) / 8 = 1.75

Jane's z = (74 - 58) / 10 = 1.6

Although Jane's score is higher, John's score is further above the mean, and it might be concluded that John has achieved greater success.

Discussion

The z-score provides a simple measure by which different measures can be compared in terms of their deviation from the mean. This is often called standardization.

The z-score in use generally assumes parametric data.

See also

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Site Menu

| Home | Top | Quick Links | Settings |

Main sections: | Disciplines | Techniques | Principles | Explanations | Theories |

Other sections: | Blog! | Quotes | Guest articles | Analysis | Books | Help |

More pages: | Contact | Caveat | About | Students | Webmasters | Awards | Guestbook | Feedback | Sitemap | Changes |

Settings: | Computer layout | Mobile layout | Small font | Medium font | Large font | Translate |

Please help and share:

Quick links

Disciplines

* Argument
* Brand management
* Change Management
* Coaching
* Communication
* Counseling
* Game Design
* Human Resources
* Job-finding
* Leadership
* Marketing
* Politics
* Propaganda
* Rhetoric
* Negotiation
* Psychoanalysis
* Sales
* Sociology
* Storytelling
* Teaching
* Warfare
* Workplace design

Techniques

* Assertiveness
* Body language
* Change techniques
* Closing techniques
* Conversation
* Confidence tricks
* Conversion
* Creative techniques
* General techniques
* Happiness
* Hypnotism
* Interrogation
* Language
* Listening
* Negotiation tactics
* Objection handling
* Propaganda
* Problem-solving
* Public speaking
* Questioning
* Using repetition
* Resisting persuasion
* Self-development
* Sequential requests
* Storytelling
* Stress Management
* Tipping
* Using humor
* Willpower

Principles

Explanations

* Behaviors
* Beliefs
* Brain stuff
* Conditioning
* Coping Mechanisms
* Critical Theory
* Culture
* Decisions
* Emotions
* Evolution
* Gender
* Games
* Groups
* Habit
* Identity
* Learning
* Meaning
* Memory
* Motivation
* Models
* Needs
* Personality
* Power
* Preferences
* Research
* Relationships
* SIFT Model
* Social Research
* Stress
* Trust
* Values

Theories

* Alphabetic list
* Theory types

And

– About
– Guest Articles
– Blog!
– Books
– Changes
– Contact
– Guestbook
– Quotes
– Students
– Webmasters

| Home | Top | Menu | Quick Links |

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